Introduction
In the next essay I will analyze the discrimination that immigrants had suffered especially Peruvians and Bolivians.
I will try to review some of the mainly reasons that causes discrimination, mainly on this kind of immigrants. Even when we know that there is more than one kind of immigrants, according their nationality, in our country. And also I’ll see the government position on this theme, which affects mayoralty to one group of immigrants.
Immigrants and discrimination.
When I first started this course, I must admit that I had a bad prejudice with immigrants in general, because all I could see about them were the bad things associated with Peruvians and Bolivians such as drug trafficking and other criminal conduct. But during the progress of the seminary I realize that the situation is different.
For start there is more than just one kind of immigrates (according to their nationality) in this country, which is a thing that not too many people can see. And too many people (just like I did) see Peruvians as the ONE immigration in this country. But in fact there are a lot of types of immigrants nationality such as Ecuadorians, Colombians and specially Argentines which are the second in quantity in our country with a 20.5% of the immigrant’s population in Chile, but I guess that people don’t talk about them that much because they come here to other kind of jobs and they have another status.
We normally are use to see only Peruvian’s and Bolivian’s immigration because the Medias enhance the bad things and even the criminal conduct that some of them have. In some of the Medias highlights we can see things such as “Narcotraficantes peruanos detenidos al intentar ingresar droga al país” (which means that Peruvians were trying to bring drugs to our country, but the police catch them before they could do that). I could also mention that a candidate for the congress mention about the Peruvians that: "Muchos lideran bandas de delicuentes" (many of them lead criminal bands) and this doesn’t happen with other immigrations. And in conclusion Peruvians represent a bad immigration. This situation helps to create the negative idea that all immigrants are like that, which leads to a discriminatory situation for Peruvians and Bolivians.
In general, we can see that one out of three immigrants declares have been victim of discrimination. And talking about Peruvians and Bolivians, I can say that these kinds of immigrants had the highest percentage of discrimination in our country. 42, 8% of the Bolivians immigrants declare to be treated with discrimination in our country and 36, 1% of Peruvians declares to be treated in a discriminatory way in our country, which is above the immigrant’s discrimination rate average (dates obtained from migratory policy in Chile). Beside the discrimination we can also mention that Peruvians and Bolivians are the immigrant’s population with the largest victimization rate. 39.6% Peruvian’s immigrants declare to be victimized of some crimes, and the victimization rate of the Bolivians was 35.1%.
Our government has taken conscience about this situation. And we can see that in our new migratory policy, in which Chile declares it self as an open country to immigrants and a country that searches for a non discrimination reception of immigrants.
To overcome this discrimination situation, we must know that not all immigrants are bad and not all of them come here to do criminal things. Some of them come here just to find better life’s condition and a better job to provide their families. And they come to Chile mostly because of the economic stability that our country offers, and the deteriorating economic and political situation of other nations in the region.
After saying that we can notice that this immigration has economics reasons, and this is something that our government has taken in consideration. And this is something we can see when our country ratified the international convention of workers and their families in 2005, in this convection Chile makes a duty to: incentive the non discrimination between immigrant’s workers and national workers; and also to maintain an equalitarian treat.
In immigration aspects we just see a part of it, and normally is the bad side that we see and this is just the smallest part of it. That is the mainly reason of the discrimination in our country, we need to remind that a lot of immigrants come here to work here and make it progress too. So I guess we don’t have to judge immigrants, because they are mostly searching the same things that us: better opportunities for them and their family.
Conclusion
Through this essay I’ve discover one of the mainly reasons that leads to discrimination, that affects mostly to Peruvians and Bolivians in our country. This is in my consideration the effect that Medias had over people’s thoughts. The communications Medias only enhance the bad conducts of this kind of immigrants. And they make a big silence respect of the good things that they do and they also silence the activities of other groups of immigrants, such as the argentines which are a large group in quantity in our country.
Our government position about this theme is to strengthen the non discriminatory insertion of all groups of immigrants (but only the legal ones), without make distinction for nationality.
What we need to keep in mind when we talk about discrimination produced for the enhance of the negative conducts that some immigrants have, is that not all immigrants are like that, and that they all came to our country, mostly for the same reasons: search for better opportunities for them and their families.
Wednesday, December 9, 2009
Tuesday, December 1, 2009
Gender Issues of the host societies 1
The migratory phenomenon
Since the twentieth century to the present time we have seen the evolution in the development of migration in our country. This phenomenon has become these days our country from a generator to a receiver of migrants, due to the increase of the last two decades in the number of people who choose to Chile as the place where they begin a new life project. These days our country is in a phase called "New Immigration". The development of this phenomenon is caused mainly by the return to democracy, political stability, economic stability and the conditions of peace, tranquility and security of our country.
In the middle of the development of this phenomenon, its characteristics have changed. In the migration process appeared to force the woman's figure, becoming a large percentage of the migrant population. The transformation that has taken our global society about the role of women in it is reflected in the feminization of migration, especially on our continent which is the first to achieve gender parity in migrants.
The new role of women in migration and interaction of them in the new host societies, which generates further, deepen and visualize defects and problems existing gender. Among the existing problems and own both the source and host societies are gender-based violence, difficulties in ensuring the reproduction of families and lack of access to basic rights for people living in society (Ibero-American Seminar Training Program , 2009:1).
Women migrants and the host society
The migrant population increase due to the openness of countries to the global society, and largely in search of better opportunities, has led to their host societies must rethink certain issues and challenges that arise in the new social dynamism . One of the most significant changes that have taken Chilean society due to the influx of new migrants is the need to adapt. This point of view that our country was not prepared, mainly by the lack of a clear migration policy, so that their current management is these issues is inefficient.
Along with the increase in the number of people who migrate to our country, also increase the number of women coming to our country and is now 55% of the migratory flow. The change in the migration process that had been giving a feminization of this process entails the need to rethink the way that management was focused toward the immigrants, the needs and generated new strategies to meet all the rights they have.
The immersion of women in the new domestic companies generate greater impact than male migrants, since due to their greater vulnerability governments must deal with a more proactive management of the situation of migrants and create the necessary conditions to have a life worth it. The need arises to recognize the rights of migrants, whether political, economic or social. This increasingly common in female population, because the existence of personal shortcomings of society in gender issues.
Migrant women differ from men often migrate alone to send remittances to their families in their countries of origin, is different since being in the majority of heads of households if they migrate with their children, generating governments the also need to include this population alone in the initiatives they have about migrants. Now we must work not only in health, labor and legal issues, but also in education and as the Chilean educational system should include these children whether or not legal.
The arrival of this large female population not only involves the reprogramming and reorientation of government management on issues of fundamental rights and access to basic services for migrants, but is also marked by the display of how ill prepared he is our society issues of migrant and gender equality.
Existing inequalities between women and men are increased national connection with the vices and gender problems existing in the destination to source (Ibero-American Seminar Training Program, 2009). This generates a vicious circle where not only be incorporated into the public agenda, but requires the involvement and actions to be decreasing these inequalities, particularly in the areas where women are vulnerable both domestic migrants, violence against women, equal integration of women in society and fulfilling the legal rights of women.
The clearest manifestation of the vulnerability of migrant women in our society is in finding work in domestic service, where one in three immigrants is used in it . This is because they are women heads of household who come in search of a job it is to maintain his family here in Chile or sending remittances to their country of origin. Even though for them the salaries they receive, in most cases, are sufficient and good for them, allowing them to keep their families and send money to their families, are quite low compared with other professions.
The appeal generated by the recruitment of women into this market develops in a fairly informal, because very little work with an employment contract. This situation not only occurs in this area of work, but is a dynamic that migrant women workers dependent, being only 59.7% of female employees that have a contract .
The occurrence of these informalities generates that women are especially vulnerable, creating a risk of instrumentalization of them, due to the lack of protection they are and to use, since they agree to work in precarious and often illegal because they need the money to support his family because of their role as heads of household.
Since the twentieth century to the present time we have seen the evolution in the development of migration in our country. This phenomenon has become these days our country from a generator to a receiver of migrants, due to the increase of the last two decades in the number of people who choose to Chile as the place where they begin a new life project. These days our country is in a phase called "New Immigration". The development of this phenomenon is caused mainly by the return to democracy, political stability, economic stability and the conditions of peace, tranquility and security of our country.
In the middle of the development of this phenomenon, its characteristics have changed. In the migration process appeared to force the woman's figure, becoming a large percentage of the migrant population. The transformation that has taken our global society about the role of women in it is reflected in the feminization of migration, especially on our continent which is the first to achieve gender parity in migrants.
The new role of women in migration and interaction of them in the new host societies, which generates further, deepen and visualize defects and problems existing gender. Among the existing problems and own both the source and host societies are gender-based violence, difficulties in ensuring the reproduction of families and lack of access to basic rights for people living in society (Ibero-American Seminar Training Program , 2009:1).
Women migrants and the host society
The migrant population increase due to the openness of countries to the global society, and largely in search of better opportunities, has led to their host societies must rethink certain issues and challenges that arise in the new social dynamism . One of the most significant changes that have taken Chilean society due to the influx of new migrants is the need to adapt. This point of view that our country was not prepared, mainly by the lack of a clear migration policy, so that their current management is these issues is inefficient.
Along with the increase in the number of people who migrate to our country, also increase the number of women coming to our country and is now 55% of the migratory flow. The change in the migration process that had been giving a feminization of this process entails the need to rethink the way that management was focused toward the immigrants, the needs and generated new strategies to meet all the rights they have.
The immersion of women in the new domestic companies generate greater impact than male migrants, since due to their greater vulnerability governments must deal with a more proactive management of the situation of migrants and create the necessary conditions to have a life worth it. The need arises to recognize the rights of migrants, whether political, economic or social. This increasingly common in female population, because the existence of personal shortcomings of society in gender issues.
Migrant women differ from men often migrate alone to send remittances to their families in their countries of origin, is different since being in the majority of heads of households if they migrate with their children, generating governments the also need to include this population alone in the initiatives they have about migrants. Now we must work not only in health, labor and legal issues, but also in education and as the Chilean educational system should include these children whether or not legal.
The arrival of this large female population not only involves the reprogramming and reorientation of government management on issues of fundamental rights and access to basic services for migrants, but is also marked by the display of how ill prepared he is our society issues of migrant and gender equality.
Existing inequalities between women and men are increased national connection with the vices and gender problems existing in the destination to source (Ibero-American Seminar Training Program, 2009). This generates a vicious circle where not only be incorporated into the public agenda, but requires the involvement and actions to be decreasing these inequalities, particularly in the areas where women are vulnerable both domestic migrants, violence against women, equal integration of women in society and fulfilling the legal rights of women.
The clearest manifestation of the vulnerability of migrant women in our society is in finding work in domestic service, where one in three immigrants is used in it . This is because they are women heads of household who come in search of a job it is to maintain his family here in Chile or sending remittances to their country of origin. Even though for them the salaries they receive, in most cases, are sufficient and good for them, allowing them to keep their families and send money to their families, are quite low compared with other professions.
The appeal generated by the recruitment of women into this market develops in a fairly informal, because very little work with an employment contract. This situation not only occurs in this area of work, but is a dynamic that migrant women workers dependent, being only 59.7% of female employees that have a contract .
The occurrence of these informalities generates that women are especially vulnerable, creating a risk of instrumentalization of them, due to the lack of protection they are and to use, since they agree to work in precarious and often illegal because they need the money to support his family because of their role as heads of household.
Gender Issues of the host societies 2
Women and migratory phenomenon
The feminization of migration is a phenomenon largely due to changes in the dynamics and structures established, brings a number of changes and challenges they must meet their host societies. Much of the change of roles in the development of migration generates new needs that these companies should meet smoothly and harmoniously, but these gender inequalities in them, cause if steps are not taken this issue further deepening.
Gender issues are a reality of Latin America, with the mixture of cultures of migrants and host societies are connecting and deepening. Unfortunately the feminization of visibility to the existing migrant population in each host society: gender violence, difficulties in ensuring the reproduction of households, income inequalities between men and women, increased vulnerability of women in the labor market and lack of access rights.
The display of these problems not only shows how backward and our societies are unequal, but indicate the long road we call to our societies and modern. Given these problems it is necessary to intervene and generate initiatives that work primarily on issues of violence against women, equal integration in society and fulfilling their rights.
With regard to migration, this is listed as a process in which new forms of exclusion, invisibility and inequality against women in national societies (Seminario Ibero-American Training Program, 2009), which is alarming due to the progressive increase migrant population in this global society itself. This leads to another challenge the work that this situation will change, and migration is only a process of mobility of people seeking a balance in access to opportunities to improve the quality of life of people, and they see as laudable option for companies migrating from a globalized and interconnected world that will give them the opportunities they need.
The feminization of migration is a phenomenon largely due to changes in the dynamics and structures established, brings a number of changes and challenges they must meet their host societies. Much of the change of roles in the development of migration generates new needs that these companies should meet smoothly and harmoniously, but these gender inequalities in them, cause if steps are not taken this issue further deepening.
Gender issues are a reality of Latin America, with the mixture of cultures of migrants and host societies are connecting and deepening. Unfortunately the feminization of visibility to the existing migrant population in each host society: gender violence, difficulties in ensuring the reproduction of households, income inequalities between men and women, increased vulnerability of women in the labor market and lack of access rights.
The display of these problems not only shows how backward and our societies are unequal, but indicate the long road we call to our societies and modern. Given these problems it is necessary to intervene and generate initiatives that work primarily on issues of violence against women, equal integration in society and fulfilling their rights.
With regard to migration, this is listed as a process in which new forms of exclusion, invisibility and inequality against women in national societies (Seminario Ibero-American Training Program, 2009), which is alarming due to the progressive increase migrant population in this global society itself. This leads to another challenge the work that this situation will change, and migration is only a process of mobility of people seeking a balance in access to opportunities to improve the quality of life of people, and they see as laudable option for companies migrating from a globalized and interconnected world that will give them the opportunities they need.
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